Dementia

What is dementia?
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Dementia is a term used to describe a group of symptoms that affect memory, thinking, communication and daily functioning. It is caused by changes in the brain and becomes more common with age.

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There are different types of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia and mixed dementia.

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Although dementia is progressive, the right support and rehabilitation can help maintain mobility, safety and independence for as long as possible.

What causes dementia?
 

Dementia is caused by damage to brain cells.

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Common types include:

• Alzheimer’s disease

• Vascular dementia

• Dementia with Lewy bodies

• Frontotemporal dementia

Risk factors may include:

• Increasing age

• Cardiovascular disease

• Diabetes

• High blood pressure

• Family history

• Lifestyle factors

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Each type of dementia affects the brain in different ways.

What does dementia feel like?
 

Symptoms vary depending on the type and stage.

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Common symptoms include:

• Memory loss

• Difficulty concentrating

• Confusion

• Changes in mood or behaviour

• Reduced problem-solving ability

• Difficulty following instructions

• Reduced balance or mobility in later stages

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As dementia progresses, physical mobility and confidence may decline.

How can physio help with dementia?
 

Physiotherapy supports physical function and safety in people living with dementia.

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It works by:

• Maintaining strength

• Improving balance

• Reducing falls risk

• Supporting safe walking

• Encouraging physical activity

• Maintaining independence for as long as possible

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Structured movement can also help support routine and wellbeing.

What treatment will Village Physio do?
 

At Village Physio, we provide personalised, home-based rehabilitation tailored to the individual and their stage of dementia.

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Treatment may include:

• Strengthening exercises

• Balance training

• Gait retraining

• Functional practice – sit-to-stand, stairs, transfers

• Falls prevention planning

• Environmental safety advice

• Support and guidance for carers

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Sessions are structured, calm and practical, delivered as one-hour home visits to maximise familiarity and comfort.

What can I do to reduce my discomfort whilst I wait for an appointment?
 

• Encourage gentle daily movement

• Maintain a simple routine

• Keep pathways clear and well-lit

• Use supportive footwear

• Avoid rushing

• Provide supervision if balance is reduced

If there is a sudden change in confusion, mobility or behaviour, seek medical advice promptly.